Between guideline recommendations and evidence: cardiovascular drugs and residual risk in primary and secondary prevention
Abstract
Parole chiave: Rischio Cardiovascolare Residuo; Aterosclerosi; Prevenzione Cardiovascolare; Malattia Coronarica.
Abstract
Residual cardiovascular risk is the probability of incurring an event despite the control of already known predisposing factors. In a broad sense it includes lipid and non-lipid factors that are poorly controlled or treated.A significant portion of patients at risk of cardiovascular events are those who do not reach the recommended targets for cLDL values. However, many other emerging elements such as inflammation, coagulation, triglycerides, lipoprotein (a), diabetes and, more recently, obesity, are important constituents of residual risk whose identification and correct treatment can lead to a significant reduction in events.Below we will discuss the most important individual components of residual risk, describe the markers that can identify these factors, and report the available treatments with the existing evidence and the indications of the Guidelines.
Key words: Residual Cardiovascular Risk; Atherosclerosis; Cardiovascular Prevention; Coronary Artery Disease.